《生命科学》 2013, 25(10): 1000-10007

分子标记在食(药)用真菌遗传多样性研究中的应用

张　婷¹， 王元忠²， 张晓东³， 李杰庆¹，刘鸿高^1*

(1 云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院，昆明 650201；2 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所，昆明 650223；3 玉溪师范学院资源环境学院，玉溪 653100)

摘　要：摘　要：食( 药) 用真菌在经济和生态方面都具有重要意义，其遗传多样性研究是资源可持续利用和生物保护学研究的基础，有利于食( 药) 用真菌种质资源的收集、保存、评价和利用，也有助于其分类学、系统学及进化等的研究。遗传多样性的研究方法很多，分子标记是目前最常用最有效的方法之一。综合分析了分子标记在食( 药) 用真菌遗传多样性研究中的应用，比较了各种标记的应用范围、优缺点，探讨了分子标记用于食( 药) 用真菌遗传多样性评价的前景及问题。

Molecular markers in the studies of genetic diversity of edible and medicinal fungi

ZHANG Ting¹， WANG Yuan-Zhong²， ZHANG Xiao-Dong³， LI Jie-Qing¹， LIU Hong-Gao^1*

(1 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology， Yunnan Agriculture University， Kunming 650201， China; 2 Institute of Medicinal Plants， Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Kunming 650223， China; 3 College of Resources and
    Environment， Yuxi Normal University， Yuxi 653100， China )

Abstract: Abstract: Edible and medicinal fungi have important economic significance as food and medicine， and also play an important ecological role. However， their genetic diversities are not well known. To understand their genetic diversities and structures is important for the utilization and conservation of these fungal resources， and is also benefit for the studies in taxonomy， systematics and evolution. There are various molecular methods to evaluate genetic diversity. The present paper summarized the research progresses of molecular markers applied in genetic diversity of edible and medicinal fungi， and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each marker. The application and the problems encountered using molecular markers were also discussed.