《生命科学》 2013, 25(4): 410-415

有机小分子渗透调节物质及其保护功能

刘振英¹，叶央芳^1*，李　竹²

(1 宁波大学海洋学院，宁波 315211；2 湖北省宜昌市第二中学，宜昌 443000)

摘　要：摘　要：在抵御外界环境胁迫时，生物体通常会累积渗透调节物质以提高其自身抗逆性。生物体累积的渗透调节物质主要包括多元醇和糖类、氨基酸及其衍生物和甲胺类化合物。不同的渗透调节物质在生物体内的累积状况不同，其保护细胞的功能也有较大差异。就各种生物体内的小分子渗透调节物质及其保护功能作简要综述。
关键词：渗透调节物质；相容性物质；渗透调节

Low-molecular-weight organic osmolytes and their protective functions

LIU Zhen-Ying¹， YE Yang-Fang^1*， LI Zhu²

(1 School of Marine Sciences， Ningbo University， Ningbo 315211， China; 2 Yichang No.2 High School， Hubei Province， Yichang 443000， China)

Abstract: Abstract: The accumulation of organic osmolytes is universal in all organisms for improving the resistance against external environment stress. These osmolytes include polyols and sugars， amino acids and derivatives， as well as methylamines. Different osmolytes dominate in various organisms with the common and specific protective functions. This review summarizes the low-molecular-weight organic osmolytes and their protective functions.
Key words: organic osmolyte; compatible solute; osmolytic regulation