《生命科学》 2013, 25(2): 231-239

依赖生物素的羧化酶的结构研究进展

樊　晨，向　嵩^*

(中国科学院上海生命科学研究院营养科学研究所，上海 200031)

摘　要：摘　要：依赖生物素的羧化酶羧化形式多样的底物分子，在多个代谢途径中发挥重要的功能。在它们催化的反应中，生物素充当羧基转运的载体，它们的Biotin Carboxylase(BC) 和CarboxylTransferase(CT) 结构域催化反应的两个步骤，生物素的羧化和羧基由生物素向底物分子的转移。近期一系列对它们结构的研究揭示了BC 和CT 结构域催化反应的机制，也为理解羧基在反应中的转运过程提供了线索，极大地深化了对这些酶功能机理的认识。对这方面研究的近期进展做一概述。
关键词：生物素；依赖生物素的羧化酶；结构生物学

Advances in structural studies of biotin-dependent carboxylases

FAN Chen， XIANG Song^*

(Institute for Nutritional Sciences， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Biotin-dependent carboxylases carboxylate a wide range of molecules， playing important roles in several metabolic pathways. In the carboxylation reactions catalyzed by these enzymes， biotin acts as a carboxyl carrier， their Biotin Carboxylase (BC) and CarboxylTransferase (CT) domains catalyze two steps of the reaction， carboxylation of biotin and transfer of the carboxyl group from biotin to the substrate molecule. Recent structural studies provided significant insights into the mechanism of the reactions catalyzed by the BC and CT domains， and the carboxyl transportation process， greatly advanced the understanding of these enzymes’ function. Here we briefly summarize recent progresses in this area.
Key words: biotin; biotin-dependent carboxylase; structural biology