《生命科学》 2013, 25(1): 8-15

农作物重要病原线虫生物防控的研究进展

李　娟¹，彭德良²，廖金铃³，简　恒⁴，牛雪梅¹，刘杏忠⁵，张克勤^1*

(1 云南大学生物资源保护与利用重点实验室，省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，昆明 650091；2 中国农科院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100094；3 华南农业大学植物线虫研究室，广州 510642；4 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院，北京 100193；5 中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室，北京 100101)

摘　要：摘　要： 作物病原线虫在我国危害严重，尤其是根结线虫和孢囊线虫经常流行成灾，严重威胁我国粮、经作物安全。建立作物病原线虫有效防控体系是保障我国农业可持续发展的重大战略需求。现有微生物杀线虫剂毒力有限、防效不稳、抗线虫资源匮乏是建立作物病原线虫有效防控体系面临的主要难题。提高现有微生物杀线虫剂的防效，寻找新的杀线虫资源，为有效控制病原线虫提供有效防控策略成为亟待解决的问题。通过作物、线虫、微生物三者间相互作用机制的了解，综述了作物线虫生物防控的研究进展，探讨作物线虫生物防控的发展前景。
关键词：植物病原线虫；食线虫微生物；生物防控

Basic research on biological control of key crop pathogenic nematodes

LI Juan¹， PENG De-Liang²， LIAO Jin-Ling³， JIAN Heng⁴， NIU Xue-Mei¹， LIU Xing-Zhong⁵， ZHANG Ke-Qin^1*

(1 Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources， Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education， Yunnan University， Kunming 650091， China; 2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests， Ins

Abstract: Abstract: Plant-parasitic nematodes， including root-knot nematodes and cyst nematodes， are among the most notoriously difficult crop and wood pests to control. They not only cause directly serious crop losses， but also threaten our national agriculture， forestry， and food safety. Thus， effective control systems for plant-parasitic nematodes are required to maintain our national agricultural sustainable development. However， only a small repertoire of agents including microbial and chemical nematicides is available. Moreover， the available microbial nematicides have limited virulence and are unstable， and there is increasing nematode resistance to chemical nematicides. Therefore， improving the control effects of microbial nematicides and finding new sources of nematicides and application strategies have attracted much interest. Through comprehensive understanding of the interactions among the plants， nematodes， and microorganisms， the advances in research and future developements on the biocontrol of plant-parasitic nematodes were discussed in this paper.
Key words: plant-parasitic nematode; nematophagous microorganisms; biocontrol