《生命科学》 2013, 25(1): 1-7

mRNA翻译水平调控参与果蝇生殖干细胞不对称分裂的机制研究

夏来新^*，陈大华^*

中国科学院动物研究所，计划生育生殖生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100101

摘　要：摘　要： 生殖干细胞是唯一能够将遗传物质传给下一代的成体干细胞。果蝇的雌性生殖干细胞是一个非常成熟的用来研究干细胞自身不对称分裂的系统，来自微环境的信号控制其增殖和分化。果蝇的生殖干细胞受到转录水平、转录后水平、mRNA翻译水平和蛋白质水平的精确调控，多年来的研究表明很多翻译相关的RNA结合蛋白的突变都会导致果蝇的生殖干细胞提前分化或者不分化。综述了mRNA翻译水平调控与果蝇生殖干细胞命运决定的关系，特别是该领域近年来的一些重大进展，并讨论了翻译水平调控参与果蝇生殖干细胞命运决定的可能具体分子机制。
关键词：生殖干细胞；翻译水平调控；不对称分离；果蝇

Translational control in Drosophila female germline stem cell asymmetric division

XIA Lai-Xin^*， CHEN Da-Hua^*

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology， Institute of Zoology， Chinese Academy of Science， Beijing 100101， China

Abstract: Abstract: Germline stem cells have the sole character of transmitting their genetic information to the next generation. Drosophila female germline stem cells are a very powerful and sophisticated system to study stem cell asymmetric division behavior， which is controlled by the niche signal. These stem cells are regulated at many different levels including transcriptional level， post-transcriptional level， translational level and protein level. The study from the last two decades shows that many RNA binding proteins mutants in Drosophila have either germline stem cell loss or over-proliferation phenotypes. Here， this review tried to summarize the relationship between translational control and germline stem cell fate determination， especially focused on recent progresses in the field. And we also discuss the probable molecular detailed mechanisms involved in the process.
Key words: germline stem cell; translation control; asymmetric division; Drosophila