《生命科学》 2012, 24(4): 362-367

补体系统的进化

余英才¹，张 纯²，夏循礼¹，梁永红^1*

(1 江西中医学院，南昌 330004；2 南昌工程学院，南昌 330099)

摘　要：摘　要：补体系统中的大多数组织成员有着特征性的结构域及其特有的结构域组合形式，这使得我们可以利用基因组数据研究分析补体系统的起源与进化。综合文献报道和数据分析，发现补体系统的某些结构域存在于低等的后口动物，甚至在原口动物中也有大量分布，但哺乳动物中特有的结构域组合方式只在后口动物中存在。这些揭示了补体系统拥有比适应性免疫更早的起源，完善的补体系统可能形成在后口动物中的无脊椎动物，而更为原始的补体系统雏形则在原口动物中已经出现。就近些年的研究成果作一综述，以期系统阐明补体系统的起源与进化。
关键词：补体系统；膜攻击复合体；MBL；C3；进化

Evolution of the complement system

YU Ying-Cai¹， ZHANG Chun²， XIA Xun-Li¹， LIANG Yong-Hong^1*

(1 Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Nanchang 330004， China; 2 Nanchang Institute of Techology， Nanchang 330099， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Most of complement components show characteristic domain structure and adopt unique combinations， enabling us to study the origin and evolution of the complement system by using genome database. According to the data published in literatures and genome database， most of characteristic domains are present in genomes of invertebrate deuterostomes， even in protostomes. However， unique combinations of these domains founded in human complement components are not found in those genomes of protostomes. All of these are indicating that the origin of the complement system is much more ancient than that of adaptive immunity， the perfect complement system seems to have been established at the early stage of deuterostome evolution， and the more primitive one have emerged in protostomes. This review will focus on the recent progress in comparative immunology of complement system.
Key words: complement system; membrane attack complex; MBL; C3; evolution