《生命科学》 2011, 23(3): 299-305

植物苹果酸和柠檬酸通道蛋白基因的研究进展

梁　锋，罗义勇，陈丽梅，李昆志^*

(昆明理工大学生物工程技术研究中心， 昆明 650224)

摘　要：摘　要：铝毒是酸性土壤中抑制植物生长和减少作物产量的主要因素。近年来研究表明植物主要通过根部有机酸通道蛋白将小分子有机酸阴离子转运到细胞膜外来缓解铝毒。本文综述了植物中编码铝诱导的苹果酸转运蛋白和多药及毒性复合物的排出转运蛋白两种耐铝基因，并从基因克隆、蛋白质同源性比较、基因表达调控、基因的功能和应用以及预测耐铝基因作用模式等方面进行了阐述；同时对这些耐铝基因的应用前景进行了展望。
关键词：铝毒；有机酸通道蛋白；苹果酸转运蛋白；多药及毒性复合物转运蛋白

Advances in research of malate and citrate transporter genes in plants

LIANG Feng， LUO Yi-Yong， CHEN Li-Mei， LI Kun-Zhi^*

(Biotechnology Research Center， Kunming University of Science and Technology， Kunming 650224， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Aluminum is the major factor inhibiting plant growth and crop yield in acid soils. Recent researches show that Al is mainly detoxified by transporting small molecular anions of organic acids out of cells in the root with the organic acid channel protein in the plants. In this paper， two Al-resistant genes encoding aluminum-activated malate transporter and multidrug and toxic compound extrusion protein in plants are summarized from the aspects of gene cloning， protein homology comparison， gene expression regulation， function and application of gene as well as the predicted acting model of Al-tolerance genes. In addition， the prospect of these Al-resistant genes is also predicted.
Key words: aluminum toxicity; organic acid channel; ALMT(aluminum activated malate transporter); MATE(multidrug and toxi compound extrusion)