《生命科学》 2011, 23(1): 45-50

机械力影响胚胎干细胞结构、形态和分化的研究进展

高春英，吴易潘，冯喜增^*

南开大学生命科学学院，生物活性材料教育部重点实验室，天津300071

摘　要：摘　要：胚胎干细胞的生长、增殖、分化和形状改变等过程受微环境、机械力等多种因素的影响。胚胎干细胞能够感知微小机械力刺激，并将其转化成生物化学信号，进而通过F-肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白-II、Cdc42、Rho和Src等产生一系列分子水平的应答反应，最终导致基因差异表达。胚胎干细胞应答外力基本过程的研究对于胚胎早期发育和分化机制研究、克隆和再生药物的研制与开发等均有重要意义。该文就机械力对胚胎干细胞结构、形态和分化的影响及其潜在机制等进行论述。
关键词：胚胎干细胞；细胞柔软性；基底；机械应答；力学转导

Progress of mechanicallforce affecting embryonic stem cells?structure， shape and the differentiation

GAO Chun-Ying， WU Yi-Pan， FENG Xi-Zeng^*

Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials， Ministry of Education， College of Life Science， Nankai University， Tianjin 300071， China

Abstract: Abstract：The growth， proliferation， differentiation and the shape of the embryonic stem cells were influenced by many factors such as microenvironment， mechanical stress and so on. Embryonic stem cells could perceive tiny mechanical stimulus， change it into biochemical signal and make a serious molecular response by means of F-actin， myosin-II， Cdc42， Rho and Src. These response lead to difference in gene expression. The research of how embryonic stem cells response to the mechanical stress is of great importance to the early embryo growth and differentiation， the manufacture of cloning and regenerative medicine. This paper reviewed the influence of mechanical stress to the structure， the morphology and the differentiation of embryomic stem cells as well as potential mechanism in this process.
Key words：embryonic stem cells; cell softness; substrate; mechanical response; mechanotransduction