《生命科学》 2011, 23(1): 37-44
摘 要：摘 要：瘦肉率对生猪产业来说是一个极其重要的经济指标，而这一指标完全取决于骨骼肌的生长发育。因此，猪骨骼肌生长发育机理的研究是十分必要的。然而，在早期由于各种因素的限制，猪骨骼肌单个基因的研究一直进展缓慢；相反，以小鼠为模型，其骨骼肌单基因的功能研究却取得了较大进展。在这一时期，影响肌决定和肌分化的基因，如MRFs家族和MEF2家族相继被发现，这些基因在猪的肌肉发育中也发挥着同样的作用。然而，这些结果并不能很好地揭示骨骼肌发育过程中复杂的基因间互作关系。随着近年来芯片和测序技术的不断发展，更多人试图从整个转录谱的水平来阐述猪肌肉发育的分子机理，并且也取得了较大的进展。为了对猪骨骼肌生长发育有一个更为清晰的认识，该文将以目前猪骨骼肌生长发育研究结果为基础，同时结合模式动物小鼠骨骼肌单基因的研究成果，对猪的骨骼肌生长发育分子调控机理进行详细的阐述。
关键词：骨骼肌；猪；生长发育；成肌；调节因子
Abstract: Abstract: Lean meat percentage is an important economic trait for swine industry， which is determined by muscle growth and development. Therefore， the molecular mechanism studies of muscle growth and development are necessary. However， the investigation progress on molecular mechanism of pig muscle development was very slow due to various reasons in past decades. In contrast， a lot of myogenesis genes have been identified by function gain and loss using mouse as a model. Among myogenesis genes， the most important ones are the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) families， which play key roles in the regulation of pig myogenic determination and differentiation. However， the complex regulation mechanism between myogenesis genes remains unclear. For comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying pig muscle development， a lot of muscle development research in transcriptome level have been performed by Microarray， SAGE or deep-sequencing recently. These studies provide a number of new information for understanding of pig myogenesis. In the present review， we give a detailed description of mechanism underling pig skeletal muscle development according to the studies of myogenesis genes in mouse and pig muscle development.
Key words: skeletal muscle; pig; development; myogenesis; regulation factor
