《生命科学》 2010, 22(7): 697-702

哺乳动物细胞mRNA剪接调控的分子机制

程　呈，龚秀峰，惠静毅*

中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所，分子生物学国家重点实验室，上海 200031

摘　要：摘　要：mRNA的可变剪接是指一个单一的mRNA前体(pre-mRNA)经过不同的剪接加工方式生成多种mRNA变异体(variants)的过程，这些变异体最终可以编码合成具有不同结构和功能的蛋白质。在过去的10多年中，大量数据表明，可变剪接是增加转录组和蛋白质组多样性的重要资源，也是调控哺乳动物细胞基因表达的重要步骤。可变剪接具有高度的组织与发育阶段特异性，并受到外界信号的控制。剪接调控的紊乱与疾病的发生发展密切相关。该文将对哺乳动物细胞mRNA剪接调控的分子机制进行阐述。
关键词：mRNA剪接；剪接调控；可变剪接；信号转导；miRNA；染色质结构

Molecular mechanisms of mammalian mRNA splicing regulation

CHENG Cheng， GONG Xiu-feng， HUI Jing-yi*

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology， Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China

Abstract: Abstract: Alternative splicing is a process by which multiple messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are generated from a single pre-mRNA， resulting in functionally and structurally distinct protein products. Over the past decade， accumulating evidence demonstrated that alternative splicing is a major source of transcriptomic and proteomic complexity and represents an important mechanism that regulates mammalian gene expression. Alternative splicing is often regulated in tissue-and developmental stage-specific manner， or in response to extracellular stimuli. Mis-regulation of alternative splicing causes a wide range of human diseases. This review describes the molecular mechanisms that regulate mammalian alternative splicing.
Key words: mRNA splicing; splicing regulation; alternative splicing; signal transduction; miRNA; chromatin structure