《生命科学》 2010, 22(7): 688-696

植物microRNA的生物合成和调控功能

杨　曦，何玉科*

中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所分子遗传国家重点实验室，上海 200031

摘　要：摘　要：植物microRNA (miRNA)是一类21~24个核苷酸长度的小RNA分子。它的生物合成机制及其对植物生长发育的重要调控作用是人们普遍关注的科学问题和深入探索的研究对象。目前，RNA分子生物学在理论和技术上日趋完善，正在成为一门独立的新兴学科，对生物相关学科的发展产生了重要影响。其中，植物miRNA的生物合成和调控功能是植物小RNA分子生物学的核心问题之一。该文提供植物miRNA领域的最新研究成果，在此基础上对未来的学科发展提出新的建议。
关键词：植物；microRNA(miRNA); 小RNA分子；基因调控

Biogenesis and regulatory function of plant microRNA

YANG Xi， HE Yu-ke*

National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics， Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China

Abstract: Abstract: Plant microRNA (miRNA) is a small RNA molecule with the length from 21 to 24 nucleotides. The current research on biogenesis and regulatory function of RNA is so extensive and profound that RNA molecular biology has become an independent discipline dependent on innovative knowledge and advanced technology. One of the most important topics in this field is about the biogenesis and regulatory function of plant small RNA. In this short review， we present the most recent advances in the field of plant miRNA and provide some suggestion for the development of this discipline.
Key words: plant; microRNA (miRNA); small RNA molecule; gene regulation