《生命科学》 2010, 22(7): 674-681

microRNAs和体细胞重编程

张　璇*，金由辛，李劲松*

中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所，分子细胞生物学重点实验室，上海200031

摘　要：摘　要：体细胞重编程与microRNAs (miRNAs)均为近年来研究的热点问题。到目前为止，能成功诱导体细胞形成多能性干细胞的体细胞重编程方法有核移植(nuclear transfer， NT)和外源因子诱导形成多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells， iPSc)两种，这两种方法让人们看到了体细胞重编程在细胞治疗方面具有诱人的应用前景。miRNAs是真核生物中存在的一类长度为22 nt 左右起调控作用的内源性非编码RNA，它在转录后水平调节靶基因的表达，是细胞内基因表达的基本调控机制之一。近年的研究结果表明，miRNAs在干细胞干性维持和分化过程中具有重要的调节作用，从miRNAs角度研究体细胞重编程机理将对体细胞重编程的应用具有重要意义。
关键词：核移植；iPS技术；体细胞重编程；miRNAs

MicroRNAs and somatic reprogramming

ZHANG Xuan*， JIN Yong-xin， LI Jin-song*

Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology， Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology， Shanghai Institutes for BiologicalSciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China

Abstract: Abstract: The research about somatic reprogramming and microRNAs (miRNAs) has received widespread attention in clinical and basic research. Adult cells can be successfully reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells by nuclear transfer (NT) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. NT and iPS techniques offer tremendous promises for cell therapies. MiRNAs are small (～22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that play important role in posttranscriptional gene regulation. MiRNAs involved in maintaining self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. Understanding of the mechanism of miRNAs in somatic reprogramming will provide theoretical basis on its clinical application.
Key words: nuclear transfer; iPS; somatic reprogramming; microRNAs