《生命科学》 2010, 22(7): 649-654

血清microRNA棗一种非侵入性的肿瘤标志物

陈　熹，张峻峰，曾　科，张辰宇*

南京大学医药生物技术国家重点实验室，南京210093

摘　要：摘　要：microRNA (miRNA)是一类自然形成的非编码小RNA，不少miRNA分子已被证实与癌症的生成有关联。近期的研究发现人血清中稳定存在一定水平的miRNA，并且血清miRNA表达谱的变化与多种肿瘤的发生、发展具有明确的相关性， 说明血清miRNA可以作为肿瘤临床诊断和预后评估的分子标志物。因此，特定的血清miRNA表达谱可以构成识别癌症与其他疾病的“指纹”，为癌症及其他疾病的诊断提供一种新的非侵入性的检测方法，同时，该技术还可用于肿瘤分类、预后判断、手术疗效监测及疾病复发预测等领域，并可能带来未来临床医学上的变革。
关键词：miRNA; 血清; 癌症; 分子标志物; 早期诊断

Serum microRNAs: a novel class of non-invasive biomarkers for human cancers

CHEN Xi， ZHANG Jun-feng， ZENG Ke， ZHANG Chen-yu*

State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechology， Nanjing University， Nanjing 210093， China

Abstract: Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs consisting of 19 to 24 nucleotides in length. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in various tissues has been associated with a variety of diseases， including cancers. Recently，it has been shown that serum contains large amounts of stable miRNAs and that the serum miRNA expression profile can be used as a novel serum-based biomarker potentially offering more sensitive and specific tests than those currently available for early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Moreover， this new approach has the potential to revolutionize present clinical management， including determining cancer classification， estimating prognosis， predicting therapeutic efficacy， maintaining surveillance following surgery， as well as forecasting disease recrudescence.
Key words: miRNA; serum; cancer; biomarker; early diagnosis