《生命科学》 2010, 22(4): 321-325
摘 要：摘要：ZnT8(zinc transporter， member 8)是锌离子转运蛋白，主要定位于胰岛b细胞，能将胞浆锌离子转运至胰岛素储存/分泌性囊泡内，其转运功能降低会影响胰岛素合成、储存和分泌，能增加2型糖尿病(T2DM)的发病风险。ZnT8蛋白也可作为抗原引起b细胞自身免疫损伤，诱发1型糖尿病(T1DM)。ZnT8基因多态性是引起其锌离子转运功能和免疫原性变化的重要因素，与糖尿病的发生、发展密切相关。该文综述了ZnT8与T1DM和T2DM的研究进展，提示ZnT8可作为糖尿病防治的新药物靶点。
关键词：锌转运蛋白8；基因多态性；1型糖尿病；2型糖尿病
中国分类号：Q51; R587.1 文献表示码：A
Abstract:
Abstract: ZnT8 (zinc transporter， member 8) has recently emerged as a major autoantigenic target of type 1 diabetes and the encoding gene also acts as a genetic marker for type 2 diabetes. This transporter， localized in secretion /storage vesicles membrane， facilitates the cellular efflux of zinc from the cytoplasm into intracellular insulin-containing vesicles and provision of zinc for insulin maturation and storage processes. Altered function of ZnT8 in pancreatic b cells of subjects carrying the risk allele might produce zinc imbalance between secretory/storage vesicles and cytoplasm， with subsequent cell death and loss of b cell mass. Therefore， it may serve as a mediator of insulin synthesizes， storage and secretion. The common polymorphism at aa 325 of the protein has been implicated in type 1 diabetes by determining the autoantibody epitope speci?city. The polymorphism of the gene has been suggested for a dual role， which is in modulating anti-ZnT8 self-antibody specificity and conferring genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. In this review， recent progresses of the study in ZnT8 structure， function and the association with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes will be summarized.
Key words: zinc transporter member 8; gene polymorphism type 1; diabetes mellitus; type 2; dialoetes mellitus
